This research project aims at investigating the intersections of language variation, orthographic representation and identity in Cabo Verde, through an interdisciplinary approach combining detailed linguistic descriptions and an applied sociolinguistic perspective.

There is widespread recognition that linguistic diversity should be embraced in a progressive and inclusive society (UNESCO 2025). However, to fully leverage this internal variation, Caboverdean must be systematically integrated into formal domains, particularly education, through the development of dictionaries, textbooks, and other resources – a process that necessitates a standardised orthography. This brings us to the central research question of this project: how does the strong sense of identity connected to internal language varieties influence the implementation of a common orthographic system?

Different studies have pointed out cases of community resistance to orthography proposals that do not adequately represent their own linguistic features. In Sebba (2007), we find a reflection encompassing the social, cultural, and political dimensions of orthography, rather than seeing spelling systems as purely linguistic tools. Spelling systems are indeed not neutral; instead, they are shaped by historical, ideological, and social forces that reflect power relations, identity struggles, and cultural shifts. It does not, therefore, come as a surprise that different groups compete over whose speech should be elevated to official status, and many worldwide examples of these tensions are documented.

The team will thus examine the intrinsic relationship between language standardisation and linguistic identity, also drawing on recent research in other multilingual contexts (e.g., Bissoonauth et al. in press; Lüpke 2018; Ardoino 2024, among others). We will investigate how Caboverdean varieties are perceived and how these perceptions shape speakers’ attitudes toward a unified orthographic system. In practice, we will take two pioneer steps for Caboverdean: (i) refine the written representation of phonological, morphosyntactic, and lexical variation across all the islands, while also (ii) considering the metalinguistic productions that inform the ongoing controversy on standardisation.

By addressing the interplay between linguistic diversity and identity, this study will therefore provide a nuanced understanding of how language serves as a unifying and divisive force in national identity construction, offering insights that can inform more inclusive and context-sensitive approaches to language policy in Cabo Verde and beyond: by sharing our results in international conferences (namely in African venues), the team will actively join the contemporary debates on standardisation, cultural representation, and political autonomy in postcolonial contexts.